Adjustable Gastric Band

Overview

The Adjustable Gastric Band is a device made of silicone that is placed around the top part of the stomach to limit the amount of food a person can eat. It has been available in the United States since 2001. The impact on obesity related diseases and long-term weight loss is less than with other procedures. Its use has therefore declined over the past decade.

The Procedure

1. This device is placed and secured around the top part of the stomach creating a small pouch above the band.

How it Works

The feeling of fullness depends upon the size of the opening between the pouch and the rest of the stomach. The opening size can be adjusted with fluid injections through a port underneath the skin. Food goes through the stomach normally but is limited by the smaller opening of the band. It is less successful against type 2 diabetes and has modest effects on the metabolism.

Advantages

1. Lowest rate of complications early after surgery
2. No division of the stomach or intestines
3. Patients can go home on the day of surgery
4. The band can be removed if needed
5. Has the lowest risk for vitamin and mineral deficiencies

Disadvantages

1. The band may need several adjustments and monthly office visits during the first year
2. Slower and less weight loss than with other surgical procedures
3. There is a risk of band movement (slippage) or damage to the stomach over time (erosion)
4. Requires a foreign implant to remain in the body
5. Has a high rate of re-operation
6. Can result in swallowing problems and enlargement of the esophagus